Notes

An algorithm is a finite set of instruction that accomplish a task
- it can be expressed by natural language, diagrams, etc.
- Every algorithm can be created by a mixture of sequencing, selection, and iteration
A sequence is the order of how to do something to achieve a result
- i.e. how you follow the instructions from a teacher
A selection allows an algorithm to make a decision based on if a condition is met
- i.e. when your car is out of fuel, you go to the gas station to fill your car, but if your car is full you wouldn't go to the gas station
An iteration is a loop and doing something again until a condition is met
- i.e. you put away your computer when you are finished with your work
Sequential statements are used in processes to specify how signals are assigned
After all the sequential statements in the process are executed the signals are assigned in order their new values
Arithmetic operator is language that use addition (+), subtraction (-), multiplication (*), division(/), and modulus (%)
String concatenation joins two or more strings end-to-end to make a new string
A substring is part of an existing string

Hacks

Sequencing: The whole algorithm together is an example of sequencing

Selection: 3. If number = item, display "item found"

Iteration: 4. If there are more numbers in the list, go back to Step 2

num1 = 5
num2 = 5 3 = 15
num3 = 15 / 5 (9 % 2) 4 = 3 1 4 = 12
result = (12 % 5 + 15) % 12 3 / 5 = 17 % 12 * 3 / 5 = 3

The answer is 3